A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/URI.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Router.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 78

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 396

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated

Filename: database/DB_driver.php

Line Number: 371

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$pagination is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 132

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 290

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 164

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 233

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 313

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 354

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 282

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 289

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 304

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 314

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 315

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 375

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 110

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$Extradetails is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$Login is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 16
Function: __construct

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$Common_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 17
Function: model

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_detail::$cart is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 18
Function: library

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 24

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 24
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 25

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 25
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 26

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 26
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 27

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 27
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 28

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 28
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 29

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 29
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 30

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 30
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on null

Filename: controllers/Product_detail.php

Line Number: 31

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 31
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/q4group/iifm/iifm_case/application/controllers/Product_detail.php
Line: 40
Function: view

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Product Detail | IIFM
Countering Audition Objection And Round Log Volume Estimation In Forest Mensuration



Countering Audition Objection And Round Log Volume Estimation In Forest Mensuration Case Study Countering Audition Objection And Round Log Volume Estimation In Forest Mensuration Teaching Note

Countering Audition Objection And Round Log Volume Estimation In Forest Mensuration

Author:- Dr. Pradeep Chaudhry

Due to a tropical hot and humid climate with abundant rains, Andaman & Nicobar Islands support a very luxuriant and rich vegetation. Presently about 84 % of the total geographic area of these Islands is under forest cover. Of the total forest cover, 42.1% are very dense forest, 34.1% are moderately dense forest, 8.2% are open forest and are mangrove 9.6%. Prior to December 1996, tropical wet evergreen rain forests, semi evergreen forests and moist deciduous forests were subjected to heavy fellings. After T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad vs The Union of India and Ors (Writ Petition 202 (Civil) of 1995) judgement by the Supreme court of india, tree felling however, was curtailed.


Learning Objective

Department of Environment and Forests, Andaman & Nicobar Administration is using quarter girth formula for measuring round log volume, extracted from different territorial divisions. This formula is inherited the British, who devised it. The formula is simple and easy to use in the field in comparison to other formulae in vogue. During 95-96, the audit team from regional CAG office Kolkata objected to use of this formula for round log volume estimation and supply to local plywood industries. An audit objection was raised stating loss of government revenue amounting to millions of rupees due to the use of this Formula by the forest department. This case discusses the viewpoints of audit team and the forest department with reference to the use and suitability of the quarter girth formula and its historical background.



Details

Pub Date: January 19, 2021
Discipline: Forestry
Subjects: Countering Audition Objection and Round log volume estimation in forest mensuration
Source: To get this case please email to elc@iifm.ac.in
Product #: CS-01-TFR-20-PDF
Industry: Forestry
Geography: Andaman & Nicobar
Length: 8 page(s)
Teaching Note: Yes